ABSTRACT
To establish an association between the angle of mandible on an orthopantomogram [OPG] with reduced bone mineral density of femoral neck and spine on Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry [DXA] scan. Cross-sectional study. Institute of Basic Medical Sciences [IBMS], Dow University of Health Sciences [DUHS], Karachi, from December 2011 to July 2012. Female subjects between 25 and 85 years of age were divided into premenopausal [Group-I] and postmenopausal [Group II] groups. Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry [DXA] scan was done to divide Group-I and Group-II into normal [pre A, post A], osteopenic [pre B, post B] and osteoporotic [pre C, post C] groups. Changes seen in angle of mandible on orthopantomogram [OPG] in subgroups of Group-I were compared with each other and with subgroups of Group-II. SPSS version 16 was used to carry out the statistical analysis. Intragroup significance was evaluated through One Way Analysis Of Variance [ANOVA]. For intergroup significance independent samples t-test was applied. The angle of mandible [A] was significantly decreased in Intragroup comparison of Group-II [0.035] between Post normal [Post A] vs. Post osteopenic [Post B] groups. Intergroup comparison between Group-I and Group-II [0.005] showed a significant decrease in angle of mandible between Pre osteopenic [Pre B] vs. Post osteopenic [Post B]. As decrease in angle of mandible was observed at stage of osteopenia, it can be conveniently used for early detection of osteoporosis
ABSTRACT
Introduction: A study was done on the prostate cases received in pathology department, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, from different hospitals of Karachi to see the frequency of prostate cancer
Objectives: Benign hyperplasia prostate is common in middle and old age men, while prostate cancer is found more in older age group, it can occur in middle age also
Methodology: Slides / paraffin blocks were taken for study from 1[st] January 2008 to 31[st] December 2011 retrospectively and from 1[st] January 2012 to 31[st] December 2012 prospectively
Results: In present study 300 cases of prostate slides were studied in which 274 [91.33%] cases of benign hyperplasia prostate and 26 [8.67%] cases of prostate carcinoma were found of 46-74 years of age, including 2 [7.70%] cases, of 45 years of age
Conclusions: It is observed that the increased tendency of prostate carcinoma was found more after 50 years of age and in present study 2 cases, of 45 years of age, showing the occurrence of prostate carcinoma in early age
ABSTRACT
The current study was designed to evaluate the effects of the in-house prepared high fat diet [HFD] on body weights of rats. Comparative, Experimental Study. The study was conducted at Institute of Basic Medical Sciences [IBMS], Dow University of Health Sciences [DUHS], Ojha Campus, Karachi in a period of 2-3 weeks. The study was conducted on 20 male albino Wistar rats which were randomized into 2 groups: each group containing 10 rats. HFD-fed rats were kept on in-house prepared HFD and wate ad libitum throughout the study. While control/ Non-HFD fed rats were kept on standard diet and water. SPSS [version 16.0] was used in the study analysis. The mean difference in body weights of rats was analyzed by using ANOVA.. The results are expressed as mean +/- SD. The results report that there is statistically significant difference [P-value <0.001] between HFD-fed and non HFD-fed groups. HFD-fed group gained significant weight when fed an in-house prepared diet in comparison to non HFD-fed group in 2-3 weeks